Possible Signs of Child Sexual Abuse
Children who have been sexually abused may display a wide variety of emotional, behavioral, or physical symptoms. The signs below are not all inclusive or exclusive, but can serve as a guide to understanding an abused child's behavior. If you suspect abuse, call 911.
Emotional and behavioral signs in children who may have been sexually abused:
- Child reports being abused
- Sudden mood swings involving rage, fear, anger, or withdrawal
- Fear of being left alone with a specific person
- Becoming distant when a specific person is present
- Fear of a particular place
- Nightmares, trouble sleeping or extreme fear without a reasonable explanation
- Unusual clinginess
- "Spacing out" at odd times
- Loss of appetite
- Trouble eating or swallowing
- Incorporating sexual subject matter into drawing, writing or play
- Sexual activities with toys or other children
- Reverting to earlier childhood behaviors, e.g. bedwetting, thumb sucking
- Knowledge of sexual activity more extensive than what it should be for their stage of development
- Alluding to a secret between him/herself and an adult or older child.
Possible physical signs of sexual abuse:
- Trouble sitting or standing
- Recurrent urinary tract infections
- Bruising, bleeding, pain, or itching in the genital area, anus, mouth or throat
- Presence of sexually transmitted disease or pregnancy in underage child
- Stained, torn, or bloody undergarments
- Penile or vaginal discharge and/or odor
Possible signs of abusers:
- Insistence on touching or showing child affection even when the child resists
- Frequently offers to babysit for free or take children on unsupervised outings
- Requesting uninterrupted time alone with a child
- Spending significant time with children or much younger teens, in addition to showing little interest in peers or those who are older
- Buying children expensive or inappropriate gifts or giving them money for no reason
- Walking in on children or teens in the bathroom, whether accidental or not
- Significant interest in the sexuality of a particular child or teen
- Preoccupation with pornography or sexual play with children or toys
Possible signs in relationships with older children and adolescents:
When another child or an adolescent is the abuser, it may be difficult to tell the difference between sexual exploration and sexual abuse. Signs of abuse may include:
- The potential abuser is much larger than the other child
- There is a difference in age of three or more
- The potential abuser has power over the child, e.g. babysitter, camp counselor, neighborhood bully, gang leader
- The potential victim has physical, emotional or mental delays that would inhibit his/her ability to protect themselves
- Abuser is making potential threats
If you suspect sexual abuse:
In Baltimore City, call 911 or 410-361-2235
Outside Baltimore City, report it to the proper authorities by calling 911 or your local child protection services team. Click here for those numbers.